Backpacking in Europe; What you should know before you go.

Going on a trip is always fun and exciting; backpacking through Europe isn't an exception, it's a great adventure. You will see many different places and meet plenty of fellow backpackers. As with most trips, careful planning and some research of the areas you are going to visit is a must.

If you decide to backpack your way through Europe, you need to decide whether to do this by train, flight or a mix of both. You need to decide where to go, and roughly how long to stay. Make a list of must-do things and places to see. It's important to realize that Europe is a large continent, and that every country is different.

Before you go, look at a map of Europe and decide on a possible route. Your destinations might decide your way of travel. For example, if you are staying on mainland Europe, the train might be the best choice, but if you want to visit Ireland or the UK, you might consider flying or taking the ferry. There is a great rail pass called the Interail for European citizen, and Eurail for non-Europeans which make train journeys cheaper and a lot easier.

Once your route is decided upon, it's a good idea to read about the countries that you plan to visit. Most countries have some level of English, but as it wouldn't be their native language, it is important to understand that you might not be able to make yourself understood at all times. However, in most guide books there are small dictionaries with simple phrases to use.

A good chapter in the guide books describes dangers and annoyances. Here you can read about places to avoid, and what lever of crime an area has. It's important to know that every place might have its bad spots, and it would be wise to avoid these. If you follow the tourist trail and don't go off the beaten track, you should have no worries though.

A good thing to do is to check out what various accommodations there are on offer in different countries. Some would have hostels, motels and hotels, whereas other countries only have hotels. In the latter cases you are likely to be offered a bed in someone's home for a fee. Make sure that you don't go alone with someone, but join up with other solo travelers.

When it comes to money, most EU countries use the Euro, but there are still those that don't so it is important to know what currency you need in order to pay for yourself. In most places, a debit or a credit card is widely accepted. Don't let them walk off with it though, as they could potentially copy your card and collect your details.

Before you go, you should write down emergency numbers and phone numbers to your embassy in the various countries. That way you know where to call if something were to happen.

Apart from that, keep an open mind and you will meet lots of friendly people who will help you find your way around.

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Budget Airlines: Ryanair the European low-cost carrier

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A few years ago the budget airlines started taking off and managed to get a fair share of the market. The most successful company, at least in Europe, is Ryanair. This Irish flight operator marketed themselves as the no frills airline and slashed prices of flying.

Their strategy certainly worked and even in times of recession, they have managed to hold their own. What did Ryanair do to become so successful and do we really like Ryanair?

I certainly use Ryanair when I fly within Europe and although they annoy me most of the time, they are so cheap that I seem to overlook all the hassle that comes with booking a flight with them. Ryanair cleverly uses pricing as their number one strategy. They have a very low basic price, and to increase their own revenue, they then sneakily add hefty fees to things like, luggage, check-in and credit cards. Even though it angers customers, it does seem to do the trick.

It is also important to know that it is only during certain weeks that their prices are very, very low. When they first introduce the routes and fares, they have a standard price. A couple of months before the date of the flight, they introduce their cheap fares. As they then sell their tickets, the rates increases. In the end, the rates they charge just a few days before the flight is due, are extremely pricy. At least in comparison to the ones a few weeks ago. It is very important to buy your ticket in advance, just not too many months before the flight date.

I will keep blogging about Ryanair, please comment on this and mention what annoys you and tips and tricks that you have come across. I will be blogging about those soon.

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What to do in Poland

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There are many places to visit in Poland, more so than I first thought when I went there. When people speak of Poland they usually mention Auschwitz or Warsaw as potential sites of interest but there are many places other than these. I have travelled around Europe many times and Poland definitely holds its own. There are beautiful towns, interesting monuments and churches, heritage sites and evidence of the Nazis presence during the Second World War.

These are a few places that I believe are worth a visit:

1. Krakow; a beautiful town with a gorgeous town square. It's a fabulous place to sit down for a meal or a drink. The houses are old fashioned but very well-maintained and beautiful. Krakow is a nice place to make your base for exploring the area. There are lots of places to visit nearby and Krakow itself is a nice place to walk around.

2. Auschwitz; the most well-known of all the Nazi's death camps and well worth a visit for history reasons. The place was left by the Nazis in a hurry so everything is as it was in 1945. The ovens, barracks and photos tell the horrific story of a mass murder of millions.

3. Wieliczka Salt Mine; in Eastern Poland lies this heritage salt mine. It's a fascinating guided tour in the mines where the workers have carved out incredible statues out of the stone. It's the best cave I have ever visited and not like anything you have ever seen before. It's a must if you are around.

4. Wroclaw; one of the nicer towns with a nice castle. That makes for a perfect day out. There are a few older buildings and churches that are worth a look.

5. Wolfschanze, Hitler's Base during World War II; in the Masurian Lake district up in Northern Poland lays Hitler's bunker. It's based in a large forest and you can walk around on your own. It's a place that not many have heard of but that is well worth the visit.

6. Slowinski National Park with the sand dunes, near Leba; this is the Sahara of Poland. You can walk around the sand dunes for hours before you realize it. There is a small museum with aero planes just before you start the journey out to the dunes, a hidden treasure.

7. Warzawa; the capital of Poland is bound to be one of the top destinations for many tourists. I didn't particularly feel it worth the visit. The city is largely rebuilt after the war and high, modern buildings are dominating. There isn't much history there and not too many places to linger. There is a fabulous market just in the outskirts and you can make a good few bargains there.

8. Czestochowa; the religious place to visit in Poland. It's a major Pilgrimage haul and there are long quest to see the museum and the famous tower. Several sightings have been noticed here and for Catholics this is a must.

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Backpacking in Europe - what to pack?

You are all excited about the trip, you have it all worked out and in your mind you are already on your way. Then you think of that big hurdle, the necessity that you have to do before you go and your enthusiasm dwindles. Well, packing can be bad but if you are organized and know what you are going to do on your trip, it shouldn't be too hard.

Start with your bag. It's the most important friend you have on the trip. You will be depending on this bag day in and day out and in all kinds of weather. The best thing to do is to by a proper backpack which fits your body size and has all the extras that will make the bag so much more comfortable. Choose a backpack that is big enough to fit your things but small enough so you can carry it for a few kilometers. Once you have the backpack, you are one step closer to your holiday.

Before you start putting things into the bag, write a list and place all the items on the bed. When packing a backpack you should place heavy stuff at the bottom and lighter stuff on top so that the bag won't drag you backwards. But first things first, start with the list and write down things you think you need and then you cross them out as you put them in the bag.

1. Necessities; Passport, travel documents, travel insurance, visas etc. Place all important documents in a plastic map so that they won't get destroyed. Hugely important is money and credit cards. Medicines if you have any, aspirins are always good to have. You will also find that maps and guide books are a necessity. Write down important phone numbers to family and friends, to your insurance company, hotels and embassies.

2. Clothes; Bring a pair of sturdy walking shoes, flip flops and sandals, light trousers and shorts. A few T-shirts and a couple of sweaters are necessary. Underwear, socks and PJ`s. A wind and rain proof jacket and a sun hat. Bring a pair of sunglasses too.

3. Toiletries; Bring only what you really need. Soap is lighter than a shower gel for example. Bring the 2in1 shampoo rather than 2 different bottles etc. Leave makeup and perfume at home. Bring a first aid kit and a sewing kit too.

4. Useful things; Sun lotion, mosquito repellent, a book (you can normally swap yours for another in hostels so no need to bring more than 1), a torch, your camera, mp3 player, a water bottle, a pocket knife, tin opener, fork, spoon and knife. Washing powder which works in cold water.

Once you have packed everything in the bag you might find that you have some spare space. If you feel tempted to put another pair of sweaters or jeans in the bag, don't. You have what you need, and the extra luggage will weigh a lot and the likelihood of you needing the extra items is slim. Often you buy things during your travels and then the extra space will come in handy.

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Free things to do in Paris

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Paris is known as the city of romance but is a great place to go even if you are on your own. There is a certain charm in Paris which not many bigger places can brag about. It's not only that romance is in the air, but it's more that people are alive. You can stroll around in the small streets in some of the famous quarters and feel happy and peaceful.

There are a good few things to do if you don't want to pay, some more interesting than others:

1. Notre Dame - this impressive cathedral is free to visit. However, they will charge you if you want to go down to the chambers or up in the tower. The cathedral raises high above the street and creates a wonderful picture. Walk around the quarter to find the most beneficial angle.

2. The Eiffel Tower - as one of the top attractions of Paris it's expensive to go up but to see if from below is well worth the walk there. Take a bottle of wine and a baguette and enjoy the tower lying on your back in the grass after a fantastic lunch.

3. Sacre Coeur - this white marble church is absolutely amazing and can be viewed from the steps below it. There are often street entertainment and Parisienne painters around this area so you can easily stroll around for a good while.

4. Montmartre - a true Parisienne quarter with a red light district. To stroll around here takes you back decades and the atmosphere is unbelievable. There are small shops which you can go window shopping.

5. L`Arc the Triomphe - here you can visit the Unknown Soldier's grave and walk in top of the Arc without having to pay. The Arc the Triumph is in the middle of a roundabout but you get here through the walkway underground.

6. Champs-Elysee - stroll up and down this famous street of Paris. There are plenty of restaurants and shops to look at.

7. Seine - go for a walk along the river Seine and browse through the books at the various stands. It's known to have happened that people find true bargains in these stands.

8. Jardin des Tuileries - one of Paris` many gardens. Marie Antoinette is said to have wandered around here.

9. The fountain at Trocadero - a place most tourists visits. It won't cost you a penny unless you make a wish.

10. Bois de Boulogne - take a trip out to the massive forest outside of Paris and forget all about city life.

As in most cities there are free concerts, free museums and churches to visit. Take a look in one of the free papers they hand out to see what's going on.

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Free things to do in London

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With London’s great attractions and entertainment, it often feels like you can't do London on a budget, but that is completely untrue. Take a look at some of the less talked about events or sights and you will see that many of them are completely free. It is however easy to fall into the sightseeing craze where you want to see it all. In that case, it can prove very expensive indeed.

So, what do you do if you don't have much money and still want to soak up the famous atmosphere?

You join in on all the fun, the only exception, you won't have to pay. Whatever your hobby or interest, London offers a great variety of freebies and it's there for your taking.

1. Head over to Buckingham Palace and watch the changing of the guards. Note that in winter this occurs every other day rather than daily like in the summer. Not only is it free but every visitor to London will eventually turn up here so you get plenty of atmosphere. Once you are here, walk around the palace, take some photos and then stroll over to Harrods for some window-shopping.

2. Walk around the lovely parks; Hyde Park, St James's and St Regent's park. The Speaker's corner is an area in Hyde Park where public speaking is allowed. Sit down, relax and enjoy whatever the subject might be of today's speakers. A few blocks away you have Oxford Street with all of its shops. If you like browsing through the merchandise, this might be a place to stop.

3. London's museums are often free and very interesting. If not all the time, there are times and days when you get in without having to pay. Take a look at the British museum, Sir John Soane’s Museum, the Natural History and Science museum, Victoria & Albert Museum and the Imperial War Museum. There are plenty of interesting things in these museums to occupy you on a rainy day.

4. Take a stroll around Covent Garden and sit down and enjoy the free street entertainment. This place always drags a crowd of tourists so you won't be the only one there. The place has a terrific atmosphere and the crowd is always enthusiastic whatever the entertainment. There is usually a market as well and a few local shops. A stroll away is Leister Square which comes alive at night.

5. Visit the various markets around London. Most famous are the Portobello market, the market in Camden Town and the Notting Hill market. Why not try and find the blue door from the film Notting Hill?

6. Walking is as always free and a stroll along the river Thames is a great way to pass away a few hours. See the Globe from the outside; they sometimes act parts of the play outside. Take a closer look at the Tower Bridge and listen to the men and women entertaining the pedestrians.

7. Trafalgar Square is one of those famous places in London you shouldn't miss. Lord Nelson is
raising high above street level and the birds are being feed all around you. Sit down and look at the people passing by or try and climb up on one of the lions underneath Lord Nelson. It is great fun for all ages.

8. Piccadilly Circus is another landmark that people tend to take a look at. Walk down there and join the crowds. There are a few good restaurants and bars in this area if you are feeling hungry or thirsty.

If you do feel like spending a few pounds, I suggest that you jump on one of the busses and take a trip around London. It's a great way of seeing a lot without paying much. It's nearly as good as those tourist busses driving around. It's also good for your bearing. London is so big that you sometimes lose track of where you are and how long to get from A to B. Try and do everything in one area at the same time so that you don't have to go back and forth too much.

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What to do in Ireland

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The Emerald Island is a fabulous place to visit and I have driven most routes of this green island and enjoyed every trip. Eire is known for many things, its genuine hospitality, the lush green fields and the traditional music, as well as Guinness and the non-stop raining, much of which is true although some of it is more of a myth and a legend.

There are a few places every tourist wants to go to and have to see, and then there are a few less touristy spots for the traveler who wants to drive on gravel roads in the middle of nowhere and get a feel for the true, rural Ireland.

1. Newgrange; this Neolithic tomb and the tombs around Newgrange are fascinating places to visit just north of Dublin. The entrance fees include guided tours to the tombs and the enthusiasm and expertise of the tour guides is first-class.

2. Cliffs of Moher; these beautiful cliffs in County Clare cannot be missed. They have recently built a new visitors centre and the security along the cliffs are much improved. All this can't take away from the stunning scenery though. On a good day you can see as far as the Aran Islands.

3. Killarney and the Ring of Kerry; I have grouped these together as you would visit these during the same trip. Killarney is a beautiful town set among the Kerry Mountains. It's close to the National Park and you can stroll to the Ross Castle or go to the Muckross House and Abbey. The Ring of Kerry is a beautiful scenic route which takes you along the peninsula.

4. The Burren; an area in Clare where you have limestone everywhere. Make sure to visit the Burren centre in Kilfenora and the Ailwee caves. The Poulnabrone Dolmen is a much photographed ancient monument and a stop here is a must.

5. Connemara National Park; rugged and dark is this part of County Galway. You can drive through the bogs or make your way along the more scenic routes. The sea town of Clifden is a lovely spot to visit with good accommodation.

6. The Aran Islands; Ireland at its most rural. You see stone houses after stone houses. Aran sweaters and other clothes as well as a variety of arts and crafts are for sale. You can rent a bike or go on one of the tours.

7. Donegal; a county less frequented by tourists, but one of Ireland's most scenic and beautiful spots. The recent economic boom has not left as much mark here as in other parts of the country so you will feel like you have traveled back in time.

8. New Ross; this little town in county Wexford has one of the best museums in Ireland. Namely the emigrant ship Dunbrody that once took Irish passengers over to America. This place is well worth a visit even if it's only to see the ship.

I often find that there are hidden treasures along the way. There are plenty of castles and abbeys hidden away along the smaller roads. Along the coast there are plenty of nice beaches to visit. Find an area you like to visit and then let the area dictate where to take you.

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Top 5 capitals in Europe

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Travelling in Europe is easy. You can backpack your way around or rent a car and drive to most places. For backpackers the Inter rail card is a great option which makes train travel cheaper. There are plenty of places to stop by and you get to see the main places of interest. With a car though, you will be able to go to the smaller towns and villages. To my top 5 capitals in Europe, you can travel anyway you want. It won't be hard to find them.

1. London - I have already previously talked about this fantastic city. It is my number one because of its atmosphere, and because there is so much to do and see. Not only the capital of Great Britain but one of the metropolises of the world. Come and enjoy Buckingham Palace, The Tower of London, Big Ben, the West End and much more.

2. Paris - the city of romance. Take a walk along the Seine, have a picnic under the Eiffel tower or stroll around the Montmartre. There is plenty for you to see and experience. Why not go and say hi to Mona Lisa at the Louvre, attend a mass at Notre Dame or relax in one of the parks?

3. Copenhagen - the capital of Denmark has a lot to offer. It is a friendly and relaxed place and somewhere you can walk around quite easily. Visit the Little Mermaid, have a beer in Nyhavn or take a trip in one of the ferries. The amusement park Tivoli is one of the oldest of its kind and well worth the entrance fee.

4. Prague - beautifully situated and conveniently located, this capital has a lot to offer a tourist. Walk up to the castle, visit the Jewish quarters or sit down for a meal in the square. Most things are within walking distance and are easy to find.

5. Stockholm - situated on a lot if small islands, this Swedish capital is stunning in summer. The city is rich in history and there are plenty of things to see. The famous Vasa ship, the castle and the archipelago.

Or do you have other ones that should have been mentioned?

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What to do in London?

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London is one of my favourite places in the world. Not just because of its convenient location and status as a gateway to the world, but because of the never ending sights to see and the places to stroll around in. London might seem like a hectic place but if you look behind the corner, you will find peace and tranquility too. There are places crowded with tourists, like Buckingham Palace, Madame Tussuad's and the London Eye, but also places less likely to be visited, like St James' Park. With so many attractions, there is bound to be one that you like. Here are my top 5. Perhaps you will think different? Let me know.

1. Covent Garden - to me this is the heart of London. It is a place where I return over and over again. It is a perfect place to sit down and relax and enjoy the atmosphere. There is usually market stalls to browse through and free entertainment to amuse you.

2. The Imperial War Museum - an important museum as it is dedicated to the 2 World Wars. Here you will find everything you could possible want to know and see about these wars. You really will get a feel to how it was during the London bombings in their bunker. Try it if you dare.

3. Greenwich - take a ferry from Westminister to Greewich and enjoy the Thames. In Greenwich the pace is a lot slower and strolling around the streets is interesting. There are plenty of markets where you can pick up bargains.

4. The Tower of London - meet a Beefeater and let yourself be guided through the history of London. Not many places have such a rich history and the anecdotes are told extremely well. It is an interesting place to visit and you get a lot for your money.

5. The West End - no visit to London is complete until you have visited one of the many shows in the West End. Even just walking around Leicester Square will lift your spirits.

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What to see in Ireland

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Many people have this romantic notion of the Emerald Island and sometimes I totally get that but other times I really don't. Today is one of those days when I have trouble understanding what I am doing here. You see, it has been raining non-stop the whole summer. Well, at least it feels like that after having had only a few days of pure sunshine. Looking out my window all I see is rain, rain, rain. What better way then to remind myself, and you ,about what makes Eire a special place.

1. The Cliffs of Moher - these huge rocks by the Atlantic are not just majestic to look at, but they make a great place to go and just contemplate life. They are immensely popular so beware of the crowds but do jump over the fence if you feel like it and stroll away on your own. It is windy up there so be careful and don't do anything stupid, but it is well worth the walk.

2. The Ring of Kerry - another one of those tourist traps so do go there in low season. It is a circular drive around one of the most beautiful peninsulas you will find here. Life moves in a slower pace in Kerry, it reminds you of a time long ago. Not in a negative way mind you, but in a really really nice, soothing way.

3. The Aran Islands - take the ferry from Galway out to these rugged islands. This is the real, hard Irish life that we have seen so many times in various films. Not many people live out on these islands and the sheer desolation out there is exactly what makes them so special.

4. Achill Island - no need to take a boat out here as this island is connected to the mainland by a bridge. It is a popular holiday destination with plenty of white, sandy beaches and holiday homes. It makes for a nice, relaxing weekend.

5. Galway - my favourite town in Ireland. There are a joi de vivre here that you don't find elsewhere. Perhaps it has to do with the young, hip crowd that lives here or the fact that their main street is oh so colourful. Have lunch in one of the pubs where you can enjoy live music and sit back and relax.

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